Abstract
Radiation therapy (RT) plays a prominent role in the treatment of many cancers. With increasing use of RT and high overall survival rates, the risks associated with RT must be carefully considered. Of these risks, the cardiovascular and autonomic toxicities have been of significant concern. In fact, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of nonmalignancy-related death in cancer survivors. The manifestations of radiation induced cardiac injury include the acute toxicities of myopericarditis and late toxicities including constrictive pericarditis, restrictive cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, heart failure, and conduction abnormalities. Neck and cranial RT have also been associated with significant long-term toxicities including accelerated occlusive carotid artery disease, autonomic dysfunction due to baroreceptor damage, and development of metabolic syndromes due to damage to the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. The clinical manifestations of radiation induced disease may not present until several years following the delivery of radiation. We review the adverse effects of RT on these organ systems and discuss risk reduction strategies that may effectively mitigate some of these adverse outcomes.
Citations
Dec 10, 2019·Cardio-Oncology·Nikhil AgrawalUmesh C Sharma
Feb 13, 2020·Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery·Jun TakakiToshihiro Fukui
Mar 11, 2020·Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine·Moon-Sing LeeHon-Yi Lin
Mar 9, 2019·Herz·C HohmannR Pfister
Nov 20, 2019·Current Atherosclerosis Reports·Rose Mary Ferreira Lisboa da Silva
Mar 20, 2020·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity·Zhang PingShao Liang
Jul 21, 2020·Cardio-Oncology·Meer Rabeel ZafarUmesh C Sharma
Nov 22, 2020·Archives of Toxicology·Li PangXi Yang
Dec 29, 2020·International Journal of Cardiology·Riyad Y KherallahSrikanth Koneru
Feb 2, 2021·Epigenetics : Official Journal of the DNA Methylation Society·Magy SallamAn Aerts
Jan 19, 2021·The American Journal of Cardiology·Johnny ChahineAllan Klein
Feb 27, 2021·Frontiers in Oncology·Daphne A J J DriessenJohannes H A M Kaanders
Mar 11, 2021·Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy·Silvia FrattiniPompilio Faggiano
Nov 14, 2020·Clinical Science·Alexa N CarreraBeshay N Zordoky
Apr 4, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Bernadette HritzoMaria Moroni
Nov 7, 2020·Investigative Radiology·Tom W J Scheenen, Patrik Zamecnik
Feb 20, 2019·Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie·Chengxu MaYingdong Li
Sep 22, 2021·Radiation Oncology·Xia WangAnwen Liu