Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in systemic sclerosis: "Pearls and pitfalls"

Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism
Sophie I MavrogeniMarco Matucci-Cerinic

Abstract

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by vascular dysfunction and excessive fibrosis, involving internal organs including the heart. The estimated prevalence of cardiac involvement in SSc is high and remains subclinical until the late stages. It is either primary, related to myocardial inflammation and fibrosis, or secondary, due to pulmonary arterial hypertension (SSc-PAH) or systemic hypertension, in those patients with renal involvement. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is a useful tool for the early assessment of cardiac involvement in SSc. It is the gold standard technique to assess ventricular volumes,ejection fraction, and in particular is very useful to reliably and non-invasively detect myocardial inflammation, early perfusion defects, and myocardial fibrosis. However, the CMR evaluation in SSc may be problematic, because of cardiac and respiratory artefacts, commonly found in these patients. Therefore, a high level of expertise is necessary for both acquisition and interpretation of CMR images in SSc.

Citations

Mar 1, 2018·Current Rheumatology Reports·Sneha M Sundaram, Lorinda Chung
Jul 12, 2018·Cardiology in Review·Zaneta SmolenskaZbigniew Zdrojewski
Mar 5, 2019·Heart Failure Reviews·Sophie I MavrogeniGenovefa Kolovou
Nov 11, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Elisabetta ZanattaFrancesco Tona
Mar 25, 2019·Journal of Scleroderma and Related Disorders·Murray BaronAlessandra Vacca
Dec 10, 2019·Current Rheumatology Reports·George HungMonica Mukherjee
Nov 6, 2018·Frontiers in Immunology·Nicoletta Del PapaAntonina Minniti
Jan 9, 2021·International Journal of Rheumatology·Burabha PussadhammaChingching Foocharoen
May 11, 2021·Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance : Official Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance·Karen G OrdovasMonvadi B Srichai
Nov 3, 2021·Rheumatology·George Markousis-Mavrogenis, Sophie I Mavrogeni
Dec 24, 2021·European Journal of Clinical Investigation·George Markousis-MavrogenisSophie I Mavrogeni

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