Cardiovascular sympathomimetic amine interactions in rats treated with monoamine oxidase inhibitors and the novel oxazolidinone antibiotic linezolid

Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology
S J HumphreyR P Stryd

Abstract

Linezolid (PNU-100766) is a new gram-positive oxazolidinone antibiotic that is effective at in vitro concentrations < or =4 microg/ml and in vivo doses < or =10 mg/kg. Because linezolid also competitively inhibits human monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A; Ki = 55 microM), we monitored its effects on the cardiovascular responses to tyramine and amine cold remedies in comparison with standard MAO inhibitors. In anesthetized rats, the pressor response to 16 microg i.v. tyramine was potentiated by the MAO-A inhibitors clorgyline (0.1-1.0 mg/kg i.v.) and moclobemide (5.0-50 mg/kg p.o.), but not by the MAO-B inhibitor selegiline (0.15-15 mg/kg p.o.). Fifteen milligrams per kilogram intravenous linezolid weakly potentiated i.v. tyramine independent of changes in alpha-adrenoceptor reactivity, but this effect was not enhanced chronically (90-100 mg/kg/day). In conscious rats, 30 mg/kg/day oral linezolid (8 microg/ml plasma concentration) minimally affected the pressor response to 20 mg/kg oral tyramine, whereas 100 mg/kg/day linezolid (20 microg/ml plasma concentration) moderately potentiated this response similar to 3 mg/kg per day moclobemide. Linezolid's tyramine potentiation was reversible, attenuated by food, and independent of pseudoephe...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 21, 2002·Current Infectious Disease Reports·Gerald A. Evans
May 23, 2003·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Ethan RubinsteinJack Remington
Dec 5, 2015·Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry·Christian CarpénéJeanne Mialet-Perez
Nov 4, 2004·British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology·Mireille V CantariniAndrew M Hughes
Dec 24, 2011·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Karen Joy Shaw, Michael R Barbachyn
Feb 12, 2005·The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy·Tony WhitehouseA Peter R Wilson
Mar 23, 2011·Drug Metabolism and Drug Interactions·Amy C GoMichelle A Barron
Sep 22, 2009·The Journal of Infection·Donald C Vinh, Ethan Rubinstein

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