Carnitine and carnitine acetyltransferases in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a role for carnitine in stress protection.

Current Genetics
Jaco FrankenFlorian F Bauer

Abstract

To date, the only reported metabolic and physiological roles for carnitine in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are related to the activity of the carnitine shuttle. In yeast, the shuttle transfers peroxisomal activated acetyl-residues to the mitochondria. However, acetyl-CoA can also be metabolised by the glyoxylate cycle to form succinate. The two pathways, therefore, provide a metabolic bypass for each other, and carnitine-dependent phenotypes have only been described in strains with non-functional peroxisomal citrate synthase, Cit2p. Here, we present evidence for a role of carnitine in stress protection that is independent of CIT2 and of the carnitine shuttle. Data show that carnitine improves growth during oxidative stress and in the presence of weak organic acids in wt and in CAT deletion strains. Our data also show that strains with single, double and triple deletions of the three CAT genes generally present identical phenotypes, but that the deletion of CAT2 decreases survival during oxidative stress in a carnitine-independent manner. Overexpression of single CAT genes does not lead to cross-complementation, suggesting a highly specific metabolic role for each enzyme. The data suggest that carnitine protects cells from oxidative...Continue Reading

References

Jan 28, 1991·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·H Schulz
Jan 1, 1988·Annual Review of Biochemistry·L L Bieber
Jan 1, 1988·Zeitschrift für die gesamte innere Medizin und ihre Grenzgebiete·B Künnert
Sep 1, 1995·Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology·R J WandersP G Barth
Jan 1, 1994·Annual Review of Nutrition·J K Reddy, G P Mannaerts
Mar 1, 1997·Nature Biotechnology·H VolschenkH J van Vuuren
Jun 23, 2001·Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology·N V NarendranathW M Ingledew
Sep 15, 2004·Molecular Aspects of Medicine·Alison SteiberCharles L Hoppel
Sep 15, 2004·Molecular Aspects of Medicine·Rona R Ramsay, Victor A Zammit
Jan 18, 2006·The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry·Vittorio CalabreseD Allan Butterfield
Feb 12, 2008·Current Protocols in Molecular Biology·D D Moore
Jan 1, 1983·Biotechnology and Bioengineering·B MaiorellaC R Wilke

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jun 5, 2010·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Karin StrijbisBen Distel
Oct 5, 2010·Eukaryotic Cell·Karin Strijbis, Ben Distel
Apr 13, 2012·PloS One·Athanasios A KoutinasPanagiotis Yianoulis
Jan 22, 2014·Chemistry and Physics of Lipids·Vaishnavi Raja, Miriam L Greenberg
Aug 28, 2012·Plant Physiology and Biochemistry : PPB·Sonia RippaYolande Perrin
Oct 29, 2008·Biotechnology Journal·John P MooreMelané A Vivier
Jul 8, 2014·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Piyasuda ThepnokNitnipa Soontorngun
Apr 9, 2015·Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology·Jaco FrankenFlorian F Bauer
Jun 4, 2015·Cell Metabolism·Federico PietrocolaGuido Kroemer
May 24, 2014·Metabolic Engineering·Jiazhang LianHuimin Zhao
May 29, 2013·Fungal Genetics and Biology : FG & B·Marcus Vinícius de OliveiraLuiz R Nunes
May 16, 2013·PloS One·Debjit Ray, Ping Ye
Feb 9, 2017·Biochemistry and Cell Biology = Biochimie Et Biologie Cellulaire·Fraser G FerensDeborah A Court
Oct 28, 2019·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·Andrea MagrìVito De Pinto
Oct 5, 2014·Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry·Luka AndrisicAna Cipak Gasparovic
Jul 24, 2018·Frontiers in Microbiology·Michelle du PlessisFlorian F Bauer
Apr 18, 2019·Scientific Reports·Gianluca FarrugiaRena Balzan
Jul 8, 2018·Gene·Larissa Catharina, Nicolas Carels
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Vítězslav PlocekZdena Palková

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.