Carnitine content and expression of mitochondrial beta-oxidation enzymes in placentas of wild-type (OCTN2(+/+)) and OCTN2 Null (OCTN2(-/-)) Mice

Pediatric Research
Prem S ShekhawatV Ganapathy

Abstract

Placenta requires energy to support its rapid growth, maturation, and transport function. Fatty acids are used as energy substrates in placenta, but little is known about the role played by carnitine in this process. We have investigated the role of carnitine in the expression of the enzymes involved in fatty acid beta-oxidation in placenta of OCTN2(-/-) mice with defective carnitine transporter (OCTN2). Heterozygous (OCTN2(+/-)) female mice were mated with heterozygous (OCTN2(+/-)) male mice. Pregnant mice were killed and fetuses and placentas were collected. Carnitine was measured using HPLC and tandem mass spectrometry. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect enzyme expression. Enzyme activities were measured spectrophotometrically. The fetal and placental weights were similar among the three genotypes (OCTN2(+/+), OCTN2(+/-), and OCTN2(-/-)). The levels of carnitine were markedly reduced (<20%) in homozygous OCTN2(-/-) null fetuses and placentas compared with wild-type OCTN2(+/+) controls. However, carnitine concentration in placenta was 2- to 7-fold higher than in the fetus in all three genotypes. Immunohistochemistry revealed that beta-oxidation enzymes are expressed in trophoblast cells. Catalytic activities of these enz...Continue Reading

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