Carnosine protects pancreatic beta cells and islets against oxidative stress damage

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
Vitale MiceliPier Giulio Conaldi

Abstract

Islet transplantation is a valid therapeutic option for type 1 diabetes treatment. However, in this procedure one of the major problems is the oxidative stress produced during pancreatic islet isolation. The aim of our study was to evaluate potential protective effects of L-carnosine and its isomer D-carnosine against oxidative stress. We evaluated the carnosine effect on cell growth, cell death, insulin production, and the main markers of oxidative stress in rat and murine stressed beta cell lines as well as in human pancreatic islets. Both isomers clearly inhibited hydrogen peroxide induced cytotoxicity, with a decrease in intracellular reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, prevented hydrogen peroxide induced apoptosis/necrosis, nitrite production, and reduced glucose-induced insulin secretion. In addition, NF-κB expression/translocation and nitrated protein induced in stressed cells was significantly reduced. Furthermore, both isomers improved survival and function, and decreased reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and nitrite and nitrotyrosine production in human islets cultured for 1, 3, and 7 days. These results seem to indicate that both L and D-carnosine have a significant cytoprotective effect by reducing oxidative s...Continue Reading

Citations

Dec 20, 2018·Journal of Cellular Physiology·Mohammad Javad Saeedi BorujeniAmid Yazdani
Sep 5, 2019·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Weinan LiXiaojun Yan
Mar 28, 2020·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity·Habib YaribeygiAmirhossein Sahebkar
Mar 28, 2019·Current Medicinal Chemistry·Verena PetersClaus Peter Schmitt
Sep 27, 2020·American Journal of Transplantation : Official Journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons·Gyuri KimJae Hyeon Kim
Aug 19, 2020·Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology·Yongkai MaYanyan Wu

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