Cartilage calcification studied by proton nuclear magnetic resonance microscopy

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
K PotterW J Landis

Abstract

A three-dimensional (3D) mineralizing culture system using hollow fiber bioreactors has been developed to study the early stages of endochondral ossification by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) microscopy. Chondrocytes harvested from the cephalic half of the sterna from 17-day-old chick embryos were terminally differentiated with 33 nM of retinoic acid for 1 week and mineralization was initiated by the addition of 1% beta-glycerophosphate to the culture medium. Histological sections taken after 6 weeks of development in culture confirmed calcification of the cartilage matrix formed in bioreactors. Calcium to phosphorus ratios (1.62-1.68) from X-ray microanalysis supported electron diffraction of thin tissue sections showing the presence of a poorly crystalline hydroxyapatite mineral phase in the cultures. After 4 weeks of culture, quantitative proton NMR images showed water proton magnetization transfer rate constants (km) were higher in premineralized cartilage compared with uncalcified cartilage, a result suggesting collagen enrichment of the matrix. Notably after 5 weeks mineral deposits formed in bioreactors principally in the collagen-enriched zones of the cartilage with increased km values. This caused marked reduc...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 20, 2008·Chemical Reviews·Adele L Boskey, Rani Roy
Feb 5, 2009·Tissue Engineering. Part C, Methods·Hagen NitzscheKarsten Mäder
May 6, 2006·Tissue Engineering·Ioana A PeptanRichard L Magin
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Apr 4, 2006·Journal of Orthopaedic Research : Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society·Liu HongRichard L Magin
Oct 27, 2015·Scientific Reports·Tsui-Yin WongJohn D Young
May 27, 2004·Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part a·Newell R WashburnKimberlee Potter

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