Case fatality associated with a hypervirulent strain in patients with culture-positive Clostridium difficile infection: a retrospective population-based study

International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
Reetta HuttunenJanne Aittoniemi

Abstract

Clostridium difficile is a major infectious cause of healthcare-associated diarrhea. The epidemiology of C. difficile infection (CDI) is changing, with evidence of increased incidence and severity. The first patient with a hypervirulent strain type in Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Finland was reported in September 2008. We reviewed all culture-positive C. difficile episodes that occurred in Pirkanmaa Hospital District during the period September 2008 to May 2010. A total of 780 episodes of C. difficile occurred in 622 patients. A hypervirulent strain caused 14.2% of all episodes. The day 30 case fatality associated with CDI was 8.5% in episodes with a non-hypervirulent strain and 20.7% in episodes with a hypervirulent strain type (p<0.001, odds ratio 2.8, 95% confidence interval 1.6-4.8). The median age among those infected by a hypervirulent strain was higher than among those infected by a non-hypervirulent strain (83 vs. 75 years, p<0.001). Hypervirulent strain type remained a significant factor associated with case fatality in a logistic regression model. Blood leukocytes were significantly higher in episodes due to a hypervirulent strain (11.0 vs. 9.4 × 10(9)/l, p=0.007). Blood leukocytes and C-reactive protein (CRP) on the ...Continue Reading

References

Sep 1, 2004·CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association Journal = Journal De L'Association Medicale Canadienne·Jacques PépinDaniel Chouinard
Dec 3, 2005·The New England Journal of Medicine·John G Bartlett, Trish M Perl
Dec 13, 2006·Archives of Internal Medicine·Sophia V KazakovaL Clifford McDonald
Dec 19, 2006·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Bruno HubertManon Lorange
Aug 23, 2007·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·A GoorhuisE J Kuijper
Sep 14, 2007·Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases·F BarbutUNKNOWN European Study Group on Clostridium difficile (ESGCD)
Aug 12, 2009·APMIS : Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, Et Immunologica Scandinavica·Jenni AntikainenPäivi Tissari
Dec 23, 2009·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Mark MillerSharon Kelly
Mar 24, 2010·Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology : the Official Journal of the Society of Hospital Epidemiologists of America·Stuart H CohenUNKNOWN Infectious Diseases Society of America
Aug 4, 2010·Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology·Sahil Khanna, Darrell S Pardi
Sep 30, 2010·Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases·S M KotilaO Lyytikäinen
Nov 26, 2010·Current Opinion in Gastroenterology·Caoilfhionn O'Donoghue, Lorraine Kyne
Feb 5, 2011·Emerging Infectious Diseases·Patrizia SpigagliaPaola Mastrantonio
Jun 15, 2011·The Journal of Infection·David A EnochJ Andreas Karas
Nov 4, 2011·The New England Journal of Medicine·Vivian G LooAndre Dascal

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jun 14, 2013·The Journal of Hospital Infection·T InnsK Gould
Oct 15, 2013·Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases·S B DebastUNKNOWN European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
Sep 21, 2016·Emerging Infectious Diseases·Saara M KotilaOuti Lyytikäinen

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
A GoorhuisE J Kuijper
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association Journal = Journal De L'Association Medicale Canadienne
Jacques PepinDaniel Chouinard
The American Journal of Medicine
Dimitri M DrekonjaJames R Johnson
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved