Caudal analgesia in children: S(+)-ketamine vs S(+)-ketamine plus clonidine

Paediatric Anaesthesia
M PassarielloP Pietropaoli

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate postoperative analgesia provided by caudal S(+)-ketamine and S(+)-ketamine plus clonidine without local anesthetic. Forty-four children aged 1-5 years consecutively scheduled for inguinal hernia repair, hydrocele repair or orchidopexy were randomly assigned to receive a caudal injection of either S(+)-ketamine 1 mg x kg(-1) (group K) or S(+)-ketamine 0.5 mg x kg(-1) plus clonidine 1 microg x kg(-1) (group KC). Postoperative analgesia and sedation were evaluated by CHEOPS and Ramsay scale from emergence from general anesthesia for 24 h. No statistical difference was observed between study groups with respect to pain and sedation assessment. A slight trend toward a reduced requirement for rescue analgesia in group KC was observed, although not statistically significant. Caudal S(+)-ketamine 1 mg x kg(-1) and S(+)-ketamine 0.5 mg x kg(-1) plus clonidine 1 microg x kg(-1) are safe and provide effective postoperative analgesia in children without adverse effects.

References

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Citations

Feb 4, 2006·American Journal of Veterinary Research·Alonso G P GuedesElaine P Rudé
Sep 1, 2012·Pain Management·Adrian Bosenberg
Nov 29, 2005·Anesthesiology Clinics of North America·Robert P Brislin, John B Rose
Jan 29, 2005·Paediatric Anaesthesia·N AlmenraderP Pietropaoli
May 28, 2008·Paediatric Anaesthesia·Richard HowardUNKNOWN Association of Paediatric Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland
Jan 24, 2007·European Journal of Anaesthesiology·I CoskunerK Elcicek
Mar 15, 2006·Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology·Ban C H Tsui, Charles B Berde
Mar 15, 2006·Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology·Brenda Golianu, Gregory B Hammer
Mar 18, 2008·British Journal of Anaesthesia·B G LocatelliV Sonzogni

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