Cave features, seasonality and subterranean distribution of non-obligate cave dwellers

PeerJ
Enrico LunghiGentile Francesco Ficetola

Abstract

Seasonality impacts species distributions through changes of the environmental conditions that affect the presence of individuals at a given place. Although the dynamics of cave microclimates are well known, only a few studies have evaluated the effects of such dynamics on non-strictly cave species. Here we assessed if species exploiting subterranean environments show changes in habitat occupation related to seasonal variation of cave microclimates. We surveyed 16 caves in central Italy every month for one year. Caves were subdivided into longitudinal sectors of three meters. In each sector we measured cave morphology and microclimatic features, assessed the occurrence of eight non-troglobitic taxa (orthopterans, spiders, gastropods and amphibians), and related species distribution to environmental features and sampling periods. The occurrence of most species was related to both cave morphology and microclimatic features. The survey month was the major factor determining the presence of species in cave sectors, indicating that cave-dwelling taxa show strong seasonality in activity and distribution. For multiple species, we detected interactions between sampling period and microclimatic features, suggesting that species may asso...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 20, 2018·PloS One·Enrico LunghiGentile Francesco Ficetola
Jul 18, 2020·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Mary Kate O'Donnell, Stephen M Deban
Jul 21, 2020·Integrative and Comparative Biology·Mary Kate O'Donnell, Stephen M Deban
Jul 14, 2018·Scientific Reports·Gentile Francesco FicetolaRaoul Manenti
Oct 21, 2020·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Johanna FreidlArnulf Hartl
Aug 26, 2021·Ecology and Evolution·Erica K Baken, Mary Kate O'Donnell

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Software Mentioned

MASS
MuMIn
R
lme4

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