CD200-CD200R imbalance correlates with microglia and pro-inflammatory activation in rat spinal cords exposed to amniotic fluid in retinoic acid-induced spina bifida

Scientific Reports
Marc OriaJose L Peiro

Abstract

Spina bifida aperta is a congenital malformation characterized by the failure of neural tube closure resulting in an unprotected fetal spinal cord. The spinal cord then undergoes progressive damage, likely due to chemical and mechanical factors related to exposure to the intrauterine environment. Astrogliosis in exposed spinal cords has been described in animal models of spina bifida during embryonic life but its relationship with neuroinflammatory processes are completely unknown. Using a retinoic acid-induced rat model of spina bifida we demonstrated that, when exposed to amniotic fluid, fetal spinal cords showed progressive astrogliosis with neuronal loss at mid-gestation (E15) compared to unexposed spinal cords. The number of microglial cells with a reactive phenotype and activation marker expression increased during gestation and exhibited progressive disruption in the inhibitory immune ligand-receptor system. Specifically we demonstrate down-regulation of CD200 expression and up-regulation of CD200R. Exposed spinal cords demonstrated neuroinflammation with increased tissue water content and cytokine production by the end of gestation (E20), which correlated with active Caspase3 expression in the exposed layers. Our findin...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 18, 2020·International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases·Ting-Ting LiuAn-Mei Deng
Jul 30, 2020·Aging Cell·Natalia Yanguas-CasásLuis Miguel Garcia-Segura
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Sep 26, 2020·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience·Rebecca StevensonYossi Buskila
Nov 17, 2020·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience·Rashmi GamageErika Gyengesi
Sep 3, 2021·Neural Regeneration Research·Jessica CornellMiou Zhou

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
flow cytometry
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Software Mentioned

Image J
Graph Pad Prism

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