CD4+ T Cells Are Not Required for Suppression of Hepatitis B Virus Replication in the Liver of Vaccinated Chimpanzees

The Journal of Infectious Diseases
Jolanta RybczynskaChristopher M Walker

Abstract

Humans vaccinated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) sometimes develop humoral and cellular immunity to HBV proteins such as core and polymerase that are not vaccine components, providing indirect evidence that vaccine-induced immunity is not sterilizing. We previously described CD4(+) T-cell immunity against HBsAg and polymerase in chimpanzees after vaccination and HBV challenge. Here, vaccinated chimpanzees with protective levels of anti-HBsAg antibodies were rechallenged with HBV after antibody-mediated CD4(+) T-cell depletion. HBV DNA was detected in liver for at least 3 months after rechallenge, but virus replication was suppressed, as revealed by the absence of HBV DNA and HBsAg in serum. These observations provide direct virological evidence for nonsterilizing immunity in individuals with anti-HBsAg antibodies and are consistent with translation of HBV proteins to prime immune responses. They also indicate that CD4(+) T cells were not required for suppression of HBV replication in previously vaccinated individuals.

References

Sep 1, 1993·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·L DingR A Smego
Feb 5, 2002·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·Tanja BauerWolfgang Jilg
Feb 1, 2003·Journal of Viral Hepatitis·J E Banatvala, P Van Damme
Mar 5, 2003·Seminars in Liver Disease·Miriam J Alter
Oct 25, 2003·Science·Arash GrakouiChristopher M Walker
Dec 23, 2003·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Naglaa H ShoukryChristopher M Walker
Oct 21, 2004·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Stephen C De RosaMario Roederer
Nov 27, 2004·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·Chun-Yi LuChin-Yun Lee
Mar 2, 2005·Annals of Internal Medicine·Brian J McMahonHarold S Margolis
Oct 14, 2008·Vaccine·Alessandro R ZanettiDaniel Shouval
Mar 11, 2009·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·Saleem KamiliKrzysztof Krawczynski
Jul 25, 2009·Journal of Virology·Shinichi AsabeFrancis V Chisari
Feb 2, 2010·Pathologie-biologie·F V ChisariS F Wieland
Jan 21, 2011·The New England Journal of Medicine·Susan L StramerWolfram Gerlich
Jun 12, 2013·Seminars in Liver Disease·Daniel Shouval, Oren Shibolet

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Apr 3, 2016·Current Protocols in Immunology·Karen Laky, Ada M Kruisbeek
Feb 11, 2021·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Stanca M CiupeJonathan E Forde

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.