CD4+ T Cells of Myasthenia Gravis Patients Are Characterized by Increased IL-21, IL-4, and IL-17A Productions and Higher Presence of PD-1 and ICOS.

Frontiers in Immunology
Merve ÇebiGüher Saruhan-Direskeneli

Abstract

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease mediated by autoantibodies predominantly against the acetylcholine receptor (AChR). Specific T cell subsets are required for long-term antibody responses, and cytokines secreted mainly from CD4+ T cells regulate B cell antibody production. The aim of this study was to assess the differences in the cytokine expressions of CD4+ T cells in MG patients with AChR antibodies (AChR-MG) and the effect of immunosuppressive (IS) therapy on cytokine activity and to test these findings also in MG patients without detectable antibodies (SN-MG). Clinically diagnosed AChR-MG and SN-MG patients were included. The AChR-MG patients were grouped as IS-positive and -negative and compared with age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were used for ex vivo intracellular cytokine production, and subsets of CD4+ T cells and circulating follicular helper T (cTfh) cells were detected phenotypically by the expression of the chemokine and the costimulatory receptors. Thymocytes obtained from patients who had thymectomy were also analyzed. IL-21, IL-4, IL-10, and IL-17A productions in CD4+ T cells were increased in AChR-MG compared to those in healthy controls. IS treatment en...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 2, 2021·Frontiers in Neurology·Ying WuOliver A Garden
Nov 14, 2020·Clinical and Experimental Immunology·A UzawaK Utsugisawa
Mar 29, 2021·Acta Neuropathologica·Florian IngelfingerBurkhard Becher
Jan 14, 2021·Neurology. Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation·Shinji AshidaTakayuki Kondo
Jun 3, 2021·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Laura DresserBetty Soliven

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
ELISA
flow cytometry

Software Mentioned

SPSS

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