Cell Based Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes: Should We Take Hyperglycemia Into Account?

Frontiers in Immunology
Anna GrohováLenka Palova-Jelínkova

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by long standing hyperglycemia leading to numerous life-threatening complications. For type 1 diabetes mellitus, resulting from selective destruction of insulin producing cells by exaggerated immune reaction, the only effective therapy remains exogenous insulin administration. Despite accurate compliance to treatment of certain patients, transient episodes of hyperglycemia cannot be completely eliminated by this symptomatic treatment. Novel immunotherapeutic approaches based on tolerogenic dendritic cells, T regulatory cells and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been tested in clinical trials, endeavoring to directly modulate the autoimmune destruction process in pancreas. However, hyperglycemia itself affects the immune system and the final efficacy of cell-based immunotherapies could be affected by the different glycemic control of enrolled patients. The present review explores the impact of hyperglycemia on immune cells while providing greater insight into the molecular mechanisms of high glucose action and subsequent metabolic reprogramming of different immune cells. Furthermore, over-production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, formation of advanced glycation end products as a co...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 3, 2020·Journal of Cellular Physiology·Mohammad PanahiEffat Alizadeh
Nov 19, 2019·Frontiers in Immunology·Jitka FucikovaRadek Spisek
Feb 10, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Christian Sávio-SilvaÉrika Bevilaqua Rangel
Aug 17, 2021·Frontiers in Public Health·Emmanuelle LogetteHenry Markram

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
glycosylation

Clinical Trials Mentioned

ISRCTN06128462
NCT01210664
NCT00445913
NCT01068951
NCT01374854
NCT00305344
NCT01350219

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