Cell Fusion-Mediated Tissue Regeneration as an Inducer of Polyploidy and Aneuploidy

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Jessica DörnenThomas Dittmar

Abstract

The biological phenomenon of cell fusion plays a crucial role in several physiological processes, including wound healing and tissue regeneration. Here, it is assumed that bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) could adopt the specific properties of a different organ by cell fusion, thereby restoring organ function. Cell fusion first results in the production of bi- or multinucleated hybrid cells, which either remain as heterokaryons or undergo ploidy reduction/heterokaryon-to-synkaryon transition (HST), thereby giving rise to mononucleated daughter cells. This process is characterized by a merging of the chromosomes from the previously discrete nuclei and their subsequent random segregation into daughter cells. Due to extra centrosomes concomitant with multipolar spindles, the ploidy reduction/HST could also be associated with chromosome missegregation and, hence, induction of aneuploidy, genomic instability, and even putative chromothripsis. However, while the majority of such hybrids die or become senescent, aneuploidy and genomic instability appear to be tolerated in hepatocytes, possibly for stress-related adaption processes. Likewise, cell fusion-induced aneuploidy and genomic instability could also lead to a malignant co...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 12, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Catharina MelzerRalf Hass
Apr 12, 2021·Seminars in Cancer Biology·Jing ZhangXinzhe Liu
May 29, 2021·Developmental Biology·Jorge B AquinoLaura A Montaldo
Aug 24, 2021·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Oskar A Haas
Jul 5, 2021·Biological Chemistry·Ulf AndereggVera Hintze
Nov 16, 2021·Journal of Anatomy·Sonia FantoneManrico Morroni

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