Cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic mechanisms promote cell-type-specific cytokinetic diversity

ELife
Tim DaviesJulie C Canman

Abstract

Cytokinesis, the physical division of one cell into two, is powered by constriction of an actomyosin contractile ring. It has long been assumed that all animal cells divide by a similar molecular mechanism, but growing evidence suggests that cytokinetic regulation in individual cell types has more variation than previously realized. In the four-cell Caenorhabditis elegans embryo, each blastomere has a distinct cell fate, specified by conserved pathways. Using fast-acting temperature-sensitive mutants and acute drug treatment, we identified cell-type-specific variation in the cytokinetic requirement for a robust forminCYK-1-dependent filamentous-actin (F-actin) cytoskeleton. In one cell (P2), this cytokinetic variation is cell-intrinsically regulated, whereas in another cell (EMS) this variation is cell-extrinsically regulated, dependent on both SrcSRC-1 signaling and direct contact with its neighbor cell, P2. Thus, both cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic mechanisms control cytokinetic variation in individual cell types and can protect against division failure when the contractile ring is weakened.

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Citations

Jun 19, 2019·Journal of Cell Science·MariaSanta C Mangione, Kathleen L Gould
Feb 6, 2020·Small GTPases·Imge Ozugergin, Alisa Piekny
Jul 22, 2020·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Masayuki OnishiJohn R Pringle
May 28, 2021·Journal of Cell Science·Patricia Wadsworth

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
light microscopy
confocal microscopy
dissections
PCR
dissection

Software Mentioned

MetaMorph
Excel
ImageJ
GraphPad Prism

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