Cellular immunotherapy for cytomegalovirus and HIV-1 infection

Journal of Immunotherapy
Glenn A Van den BoschViggo F I Van Tendeloo

Abstract

Current antiviral drugs do not fully reconstitute the specific antiviral immune control in chronically human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-infected patients or in cytomegalovirus (CMV)-infected patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Therefore, immunotherapy in which the patient's immune system is manipulated to enhance antiviral immune responses has become a promising area of viral immunology research. In this review, an overview is provided on the cellular immunotherapy strategies that have been developed for HIV infection and CMV reactivation in immunocompromised patients. As an introduction, the mechanisms behind the cellular immune system and their importance for the development of a workable immunotherapy approach are discussed. Next, the focus is shifted to the immunopathogenesis of CMV and HIV-1 infections to correlate these findings with the concepts and ideas behind the viral-specific immunotherapies discussed. Current and future perspectives of active and passive cellular immunotherapy for the treatment of CMV and HIV-1 infections are reviewed. Finally, pitfalls and key issues with regard to the development of immunotherapy protocols that can be applied in a clinical setting are addressed.

References

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Citations

Feb 5, 2008·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Rafaela HoltappelsGernot Geginat
Jun 12, 2010·Leukemia & Lymphoma·Evelien L J Smits, Zwi N Berneman
May 25, 2016·Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology·Bahareh MoazenForoogh Nejatollahi
Jan 23, 2018·Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz
May 2, 2013·Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : ECAM·Jiaoyang LuoXiaohe Xiao

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