Central and peripheral anti-inflammatory effects of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.

Neuropharmacology
Shani Vaknine, Hermona Soreq

Abstract

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors modulate acetylcholine hydrolysis and hence play a key role in determining the cholinergic tone and in implementing its impact on the cholinergic blockade of inflammatory processes. Such inhibitors may include rapidly acting small molecule AChE-blocking drugs and poisonous anti-AChE insecticides or war agent inhibitors which penetrate both body and brain. Notably, traumatized patients may be hyper-sensitized to anti-AChEs due to their impaired cholinergic tone, higher levels of circulation pro-inflammatory cytokines and exacerbated peripheral inflammatory responses. Those largely depend on the innate-immune system yet reach the brain via vagus pathways and/or disrupted blood-brain-barrier. Other regulators of the neuro-inflammatory cascade are AChE-targeted microRNAs (miRs) and synthetic chemically protected oligonucleotide blockers thereof, whose size prevents direct brain penetrance. Nevertheless, these larger molecules may exert parallel albeit slower inflammatory regulating effects on brain and body tissues. Additionally, oligonucleotide aptamers interacting with innate immune Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) may control inflammation through diverse routes and in different rates. Such aptame...Continue Reading

References

Apr 1, 1979·The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science·S A Montgomery, M Asberg
Jun 1, 1996·Neurology·T R BrowneM A Eldon
Feb 13, 2001·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·C Rachal PughJ W Rudy
Apr 3, 2001·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·H Soreq, S Seidman
Aug 2, 2001·The American Journal of Psychiatry·O BonneA Y Shalev
Jun 11, 2002·Gastroenterology·M HausmannG Rogler
Oct 3, 2002·Nature Reviews. Immunology·Qiutang Li, Inder M Verma
Dec 14, 2002·Brain, Behavior, and Immunity·Paul H Black
Jan 9, 2003·Journal of Applied Toxicology : JAT·G PetroianuA Missler
Jul 24, 2003·Nature Reviews. Immunology·Gerd Bouma, Warren Strober
Apr 3, 2004·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Ella H SklanHermona Soreq
Jan 5, 2005·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Liat Benmoyal-SegalHermona Soreq
May 14, 2005·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·E Ron de KloetFlorian Holsboer
May 24, 2005·Current Opinion in Pharmacology·Israel Silman, Joel L Sussman
Jan 18, 2006·Cell Death and Differentiation·T Kawai, S Akira
Mar 25, 2006·Nature Reviews. Immunology·Esther M Sternberg
May 30, 2006·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Anke KarlAnnett Werner
Jun 10, 2006·Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery·Arthur M Krieg
Feb 5, 2008·Behavioural Brain Research·Robert AdamecJacqueline Blundell
Jul 25, 2008·Nature·Ruslan Medzhitov
Nov 20, 2008·Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology·Inbal Goshen, Raz Yirmiya
Nov 26, 2008·Nature Reviews. Immunology·David M Mosser, Justin P Edwards
Mar 24, 2009·Annual Review of Immunology·Sivakumar Vallabhapurapu, Michael Karin
Oct 13, 2009·Molecular Endocrinology·Jay C StrumK Michelle Waters
Oct 22, 2009·Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism·Saba AidFrancesca Bosetti
Mar 23, 2010·Cell·Wendy S GarrettLaurie H Glimcher
Aug 17, 2010·Annual Review of Medicine·Bruce S McEwen, Peter J Gianaros
Aug 5, 2011·Trends in Molecular Medicine·Hermona Soreq, Yochai Wolf

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Nov 22, 2020·Journal of Neurochemistry·Christine N Metz, Valentin A Pavlov
May 13, 2021·EFSA Journal·UNKNOWN EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Flavourings (FAF)Matthew Wright

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Blood Brain Barrier & Cytokines

Some cytokines are able to cross the blood brain barrier through transport systems and enter the cerebrospinal fluid and interstitial fluid spaces. Here is the latest research on cytokines crossing the blood brain barrier and how this can affect tissues within the CNS.

Anti-inflammatory Treatments

A drug or substance that reduces inflammation (redness, swelling, and pain) in the body. Anti-inflammatory agents block certain substances in the body that cause inflammation and swelling. Discover the latest research on anti-inflammatory treatments here

Blood Brain Barrier Chips

The blood brain barrier (BBB) is comprised of endothelial cells that regulate the influx and outflux of plasma concentrations. Lab-on-a-chip devices allow scientists to model diseases and mechanisms such as the passage of therapeutic antibodies across the BBB. Discover the latest research on BBB chips here.

Blood Brain Barrier

The blood brain barrier is a border that separates blood from cerebrospinal fluid. Discover the latest search on this highly selective semipermeable membrane here.