Central Executive Dysfunction and Deferred Prefrontal Processing in Veterans with Gulf War Illness

Clinical Psychological Science : a Journal of the Association for Psychological Science
Nicholas A HubbardBart Rypma

Abstract

Gulf War Illness is associated with toxic exposure to cholinergic disruptive chemicals. The cholinergic system has been shown to mediate the central executive of working memory (WM). The current work proposes that impairment of the cholinergic system in Gulf War Illness patients (GWIPs) leads to behavioral and neural deficits of the central executive of WM. A large sample of GWIPs and matched controls (MCs) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging during a varied-load working memory task. Compared to MCs, GWIPs showed a greater decline in performance as WM-demand increased. Functional imaging suggested that GWIPs evinced separate processing strategies, deferring prefrontal cortex activity from encoding to retrieval for high demand conditions. Greater activity during high-demand encoding predicted greater WM performance. Behavioral data suggest that WM executive strategies are impaired in GWIPs. Functional data further support this hypothesis and suggest that GWIPs utilize less effective strategies during high-demand WM.

Associated Clinical Trials

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Citations

Feb 21, 2016·Revista colombiana de psiquiatría·Carlos TobónDavid Pineda
Jul 15, 2015·BMC Medical Genomics·Travis J A CraddockGordon Broderick
May 18, 2016·Neurotoxicology·Lisa M PierceDouglas M Farmer
May 8, 2020·Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience·Nicholas A HubbardJohn D E Gabrieli
Mar 21, 2021·Life Sciences·Emily G GeanShannon M Nugent
Jun 26, 2020·Neurotoxicology·Michelle R Joyce, Kathleen F Holton
Mar 24, 2021·Scientific Reports·Brandon S BakshAnat Galor
May 16, 2021·Life Sciences·Xueqin WangChien-Liang Glenn Lin

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Software Mentioned

Analysis of Functional NeuroImages
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