Cerebellum and neurodegenerative diseases: Beyond conventional magnetic resonance imaging

World Journal of Radiology
Enricomaria MorminaMatilde Inglese

Abstract

The cerebellum plays a key role in movement control and in cognition and cerebellar involvement is described in several neurodegenerative diseases. While conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely used for brain and cerebellar morphologic evaluation, advanced MRI techniques allow the investigation of cerebellar microstructural and functional characteristics. Volumetry, voxel-based morphometry, diffusion MRI based fiber tractography, resting state and task related functional MRI, perfusion, and proton MR spectroscopy are among the most common techniques applied to the study of cerebellum. In the present review, after providing a brief description of each technique's advantages and limitations, we focus on their application to the study of cerebellar injury in major neurodegenerative diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease and hereditary ataxia. A brief introduction to the pathological substrate of cerebellar involvement is provided for each disease, followed by the review of MRI studies exploring structural and functional cerebellar abnormalities and by a discussion of the clinical relevance of MRI measures of cerebellar damage in terms of both clinical status and cognitive performa...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 28, 2017·Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry·Sirio CocozzaMatilde Inglese
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Jul 30, 2018·Journal of Neurology·Sirio CocozzaMaria Petracca
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Apr 4, 2021·Brain Sciences·Maria PetraccaVincenzo Brescia Morra
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Oct 26, 2021·European Journal of Neurology : the Official Journal of the European Federation of Neurological Societies·Maria PetraccaMatilde Inglese

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
X-ray

Software Mentioned

Cerebellar analysis toolkit CATK
FMRIB
Integrated Registration and Segmentation Tool
MATLAB
SUIT
Statistical Parametric mapping software ( SPM )
Freesurfer
ECCET
CATK

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