Cerebrospinal fluid sCD27 levels indicate active T cell-mediated inflammation in premanifest Huntington's disease

PloS One
Valter NiemeläJimmy Sundblom

Abstract

Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, but evidence also suggests neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis. The immune mechanisms involved and the timing of their activation need further clarification. A clinically well-characterized HD cohort and gene negative controls were enrolled. YKL-40 reflecting innate immunity and sCD27, a marker of adaptive immunity, were measured across disease stages. Comparisons were made with markers of neurodegeneration: neurofilament light (NFL), total-tau (T-tau), and phospho-tau (P-tau). 52 cross-sectional cerebrospinal fluid samples and 23 follow-up samples were analyzed. sCD27 was elevated in manifest HD and premanifest gene expansion carriers, whereas controls mostly had undetectable levels. YKL-40 showed a trend toward increase in manifest HD. sCD27 correlated with YKL-40 which in turn was closely associated to all included markers of neurodegeneration. YKL-40, NFL, and both forms of tau could all independently predict HD symptoms, but only NFL levels differed between groups after age-adjustment. Increased sCD27 in premanifest HD is a sign of T cell-mediated neuroinflammation. This finding is novel since other reports almost exclusively have found early involvement of innat...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 12, 2020·Reviews in the Neurosciences·Valentin DichevVictoria Sarafian
Nov 21, 2019·Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD·Neha Sawant, P Hemachandra Reddy
Nov 29, 2020·Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society·Valter NiemelaJimmy Sundblom

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
ELISA

Software Mentioned

SPSS
GraphPad Prism

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