Cetacean Morbillivirus-Associated Pathology: Knowns and Unknowns

Frontiers in Microbiology
Giovanni Di Guardo, Sandro Mazzariol

Abstract

The present minireview deals with the pathology of Cetacean Morbillivirus (CeMV) infection in free-ranging cetaceans. In this respect, while "classical" CeMV-associated lesions were observed in the lung, brain, and lymphoid tissues from striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) and pilot whales (Globicephala melas) which were victims of the 1990-1992 and 2006-2008 epidemics in the Western Mediterranean, an apparent reduction in CeMV neurovirulence, along with a different viral antigen's tissue and cell distribution, were found during the 2010-2011 and the 2013 outbreaks in the same area. Of remarkable concern are also the documented CeMV ability to induce maternally acquired infections in wild cetaceans, coupled with the progressively expanding geographic and host range of the virus in both Hemispheres, as well as in conjunction with the intriguing forms of "brain-only" morbilliviral infection increasingly reported in Mediterranean-striped dolphins. Future research in this area should address the virus-host interaction dynamics, with particular emphasis on the cell receptors specifying viral tissue tropism in relation to the different cetacean species and to their susceptibility to infection, as well as to the CeMV strains circu...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 16, 2017·Frontiers in Microbiology·Cinzia CentellegheSandro Mazzariol
Jul 7, 2019·Zoonoses and Public Health·Anna Maria Fausta MarinoMaurizio Percipalle
Dec 27, 2016·Frontiers in Microbiology·Giovanni Di GuardoSandro Mazzariol
Dec 14, 2018·Frontiers in Immunology·Giovanni Di GuardoSandro Mazzariol
Jun 13, 2019·Diseases of Aquatic Organisms·Alessandra PautassoCristina Casalone
Oct 22, 2019·Frontiers in Immunology·Giovanni Di GuardoSandro Mazzariol
Mar 15, 2021·Journal of Comparative Pathology·Mark E WesselsMark P Dagleish
Jun 6, 2021·Journal of Structural Biology·Luca ZinzulaWolfgang Baumeister

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