Challenges in oral drug delivery of antiretrovirals and the innovative strategies to overcome them

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
Alejandro Sosnik, Robin Augustine

Abstract

Development of novel drug delivery systems (DDS) represents a promising opportunity to overcome the various bottlenecks associated with the chronic antiretroviral (ARV) therapy of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Oral drug delivery is the most convenient and simplest route of drug administration that involves the swallowing of a pharmaceutical compound with the intention of releasing it into the gastrointestinal tract. In oral delivery, drugs can be formulated in such a way that they are protected from digestive enzymes, acids, etc. and released in different regions of the small intestine and/or the colon. Not surprisingly, with the exception of the subcutaneous enfuvirtide, all the marketed ARVs are administered orally. However, conventional (marketed) and innovative (under investigation) oral delivery systems must overcome numerous challenges, including the acidic gastric environment, and the poor aqueous solubility and physicochemical instability of many of the approved ARVs. In addition, the mucus barrier can prevent penetration and subsequent absorption of the released drug, a phenomenon that leads to lower oral bioavailability and therapeutic concentration in plasma. Moreover, the frequent administration ...Continue Reading

Citations

Aug 16, 2019·Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery·Venkata K Yellepeddi, Hamidreza Ghandehari
Jul 24, 2018·Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery·Driton VllasaliuRobyn Fowler
Sep 29, 2018·Drug Delivery and Translational Research·Agustina GarcíaMaría Celina Lamas
Jan 9, 2019·AAPS PharmSciTech·Monica R P RaoPauroosh Kaushal
Aug 8, 2020·Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine·Varalakshmi RaguramanK Suthindhiran
Sep 20, 2020·Advances in Colloid and Interface Science·Abdur RehmanSohail Khan
Jan 26, 2021·International Journal of Pharmaceutics·Yanping DengJie Shen
Feb 5, 2021·Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews·Will Stuart-Walker, Clare S Mahon
Feb 26, 2021·European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics : Official Journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft Für Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik E.V·Utkarsh BhutaniSaptarshi Majumdar
Mar 3, 2021·Journal of Colloid and Interface Science·Prakram Singh ChauhanDganit Danino
Mar 31, 2021·FEMS Microbiology Reviews·Ana Mafalda PintoSanna Sillankorva
May 1, 2021·Pharmaceutics·Roni Sverdlov ArziAlejandro Sosnik
Aug 19, 2020·ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces·Mohammad Nazmul HasanYong-Kyu Lee

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