Challenges in the Estimation of the Annual Risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in Children Aged Less Than 5 Years

American Journal of Epidemiology
P Y KhanK L Fielding

Abstract

Accurate estimates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in young children provide a critical indicator of ongoing community transmission of M. tuberculosis. Cross-reactions due to infection with environmental mycobacteria and/or bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination compromise the estimates derived from population-level tuberculin skin-test surveys using traditional cutoff methods. Newer statistical approaches are prone to failure of model convergence, especially in settings where the prevalence of M. tuberculosis infection is low and environmental sensitization is high. We conducted a tuberculin skin-test survey in 5,119 preschool children in the general population and among household contacts of tuberculosis cases in 2012-2014 in a district in northern Malawi where sensitization to environmental mycobacteria is common and almost all children are BCG-vaccinated. We compared different proposed methods of estimating M. tuberculosis prevalence, including a method described by Rust and Thomas more than 40 years ago. With the different methods, estimated prevalence in the general population was 0.7%-11.5% at ages <2 years and 0.8%-3.3% at ages 2-4 years. The Rust and Thomas method was the only method to give a lower estimate...Continue Reading

References

Apr 1, 1975·American Journal of Epidemiology·P Rust, J Thomas
Jan 1, 1986·American Journal of Public Health·A B Bloch, D E Snider
Apr 1, 1995·Tubercle and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease·H L Rieder
Jun 1, 1996·Tubercle and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease·T ArnadottirH T Waaler
Sep 30, 2000·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·D Menzies
Jan 11, 2005·The European Respiratory Journal·H Rieder
Feb 18, 2006·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·Ben J MaraisJeff R Starke
Sep 30, 2006·BMC Public Health·José I VillateArantza Urkaregi
Jan 19, 2008·The Lancet Infectious Diseases·C DyeB G Williams
Feb 1, 2008·Bulletin of the World Health Organization·Christopher Dye
Feb 1, 2008·Bulletin of the World Health Organization·F van LethM W Borgdorff
Jun 26, 2012·International Journal of Epidemiology·Amelia C CrampinBasia Zaba
Jan 8, 2014·Clinical Microbiology Reviews·Madhukar PaiNiaz Banaei
Aug 12, 2014·The Lancet Global Health·Peter J DoddJames A Seddon
Dec 19, 2015·The European Respiratory Journal·Soren T HoffKeertan Dheda
Feb 13, 2016·The Lancet Infectious Diseases·Tom A YatesIbrahim Abubakar
Mar 2, 2016·The European Respiratory Journal·Madhukar Pai, Giovanni Sotgiu

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Related Papers

The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
G R DaviesE Vynnycky
The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
R J Bowerman
The Open Respiratory Medicine Journal
Vlachou GaryfaliaGourgoulianis Konstantinos
The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
P-C ChanC-J Chen
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved