Challenges towards serologic diagnostics of emerging arboviruses.

Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
Carlo FischerJan Felix Drexler

Abstract

Appropriate laboratory diagnostics for emerging arboviruses are key for patient management, surveillance and intervention, including molecular tests and serological tests detecting viral antigen or virus-specific antibodies. We provide an overview of the challenges towards serological testing for the most important emerging arboviruses, including Zika, dengue and chikungunya viruses. We retrieved a data set on performance of commercially available antibody- and antigen-detecting tests from 89 peer-reviewed articles conducting a systematic literature research in PubMed. We identified commonly used antibody- and antigen-detecting tests and analysed their overall performance. We discuss how timing of serological testing and the use of paired samples from acute and convalescent phases of infection are crucial to optimize diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. We then exemplify how serological diagnostics are challenged by the patient's infection history through the 'original antigenic sin' and cross-reactive antibodies in the context of global co-circulation of antigenically related viruses. We highlight how individual infection histories with different arboviruses and with other pathogens such as herpes viruses and Plasmodia can ...Continue Reading

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Jul 2, 2021·Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases·Erlangga Yusuf, Franz Allerberger

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