Abstract
An increase in the incidence of clinical cases of Clostridium difficile infection has been reported in recent years, but few studies have examined changes in molecular epidemiology and antibiotic resistance over a long period of time. A collection of 179 isolates of C. difficile obtained from symptomatic adult patients in southern Scotland between 1979 and 2004 was used to determine changes in the prevalence of epidemiological types and antibiotic susceptibilities to common antibiotics. PCR ribotyping and MIC determination were performed on all isolates. A total of 56 different ribotypes were identified, among which ribotype 002 was the commonest type overall (14 .0%), followed by ribotypes 014 (7.3 %), 012 (5 .0%), 015 (5.0 %), 020 (5 .0%) and 001 (4.5 %). Ribotype 078 was also identified. The 10 commonest ribotypes comprised 55 % of the total isolates. Ribotype 001 increased in prevalence from 1.5 to 12.2 % over the study years, whereas the prevalence of ribotype 012 decreased from 8.7 to 2 .0%. Resistance to clindamycin, erythromycin and ceftriaxone was found in 95.5, 14.0 and 13.4 % of isolates, respectively. Resistance to vancomycin or metronidazole was not detected. Thirty-two (17.9 %) and 14 (7.8 %) isolates were resista...Continue Reading
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