Changes in GABA transporters in the rat hippocampus after kainate-induced neuronal injury: decrease in GAT-1 and GAT-3 but upregulation of betaine/GABA transporter BGT-1

Journal of Neuroscience Research
Xiao-Ming Zhu, Wei-Yi Ong

Abstract

The gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transporters GAT-1, GAT-2, GAT-3, and BGT-1 have been cloned and identified according to their differential amino acid sequences and pharmacologic properties. In contrast to GAT-1, -2, or -3, BGT-1 is capable of utilizing both GABA and betaine as substrates. Betaine has been suggested to be a protective osmolyte in the brain. Because changes in expression of GABA transporters/BGT-1 might result in alterations in levels of GABA/betaine in the extracellular space, with consequent effects on neuronal excitability or osmolarity, the present study was carried out to explore expression of GABA transporters in the rat hippocampus after kainate-induced neuronal injury. A decrease in GAT-1 and GAT-3 immunostaining but no change in GAT-2 staining was observed in the degenerating CA subfields. In contrast, increased BGT-1 immunoreactivity was observed in astrocytes after kainate injection. BGT-1 is a weak transporter of GABA in comparison to other GABA transporters and the increased expression of BGT-1 in astrocytes might be a protective mechanism against increased osmotic stress known to occur after excitotoxic injury. On the other hand, excessive or prolonged BGT-1 expression might be a factor contribu...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 8, 2009·International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience·Mónica E Ureña-GuerreroCarlos Beas-Zárate
May 6, 2014·Frontiers in Physiology·Stephen A KempsonNiels C Danbolt
Jun 11, 2016·Progress in Neurobiology·Michele CurcioCarlos B Duarte
Apr 2, 2013·Sleep Medicine Reviews·Diane C Lim, Allan I Pack
Aug 22, 2017·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Karan GovindpaniAndrea Kwakowsky
Nov 18, 2017·Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism·Maria Ek LieAndrew N Clarkson
Nov 22, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Karan GovindpaniAndrea Kwakowsky
May 25, 2021·Brain : a Journal of Neurology·Felicia MermerJing-Qiong Kang

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