Changes in route of drug administration among continuing heroin users: outcomes 1 year after intake to treatment

Addictive Behaviors
Michael GossopJ Strang

Abstract

This study investigates the type and extent of changes in route of drug administration among heroin users after treatment: whether injectors move to other routes of use; whether changes in route for one drug influence routes used for other drugs; and associations between changes in route of administration and other substance use outcomes. The sample comprised 641 heroin users recruited to 54 UK treatment programmes. At intake, the main routes of heroin use were injecting (61%) and "chasing the dragon" (37%). After 1 year, 81% of those using heroin took it by the same route as at intake, while 19% reported a change, with 14% switching from injecting to chasing. Changes from injecting to chasing were associated with improvements in other substance use behaviours. Changes in route represent an important aspect of drug-taking behaviours. Interventions to prevent the change to injecting should be developed and offered to noninjectors. "Reverse transitions" (from injecting to chasing) may represent a useful intermediate treatment goal for drug injectors who cannot achieve abstinence.

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Citations

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Dec 17, 2009·Pain Medicine : the Official Journal of the American Academy of Pain Medicine·Stephen F ButlerNathaniel Katz
Jul 4, 2012·Drug and Alcohol Dependence·Alice CepedaAvelardo Valdez
Feb 22, 2012·The International Journal on Drug Policy·Marie Claire Van Hout, Tim Bingham
Jul 29, 2011·Drug and Alcohol Dependence·Don C Des JarlaisDavid C Perlman
Jul 1, 2010·Addictive Behaviors·Matthew DunnRaimondo Bruno
Feb 20, 2010·The International Journal on Drug Policy·Jamie Bridge
Nov 15, 2015·Substance Abuse : Official Publication of the Association for Medical Education and Research in Substance Abuse·Michael SchererWilliam W Latimer
Jul 26, 2005·Peptides·Richard J Bodnar, Gad E Klein
Oct 26, 2016·Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment·Tracy L Hellem
Jun 21, 2011·Environment International·Usman Khan, Jim A Nicell
Nov 28, 2018·Journal of Neurology·Mei-Yun ChengLong-Sun Ro
Oct 21, 2006·Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie·Benedikt FischerJürgen Rehm

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