PMID: 8969423Nov 1, 1996Paper

Changes in the carpal tunnel due to action of the flexor tendons: visualization with magnetic resonance imaging

The Journal of Hand Surgery
S J HamJ A den Boer

Abstract

Successive cross-sectional areas (CSA) of the carpal tunnel were measured with the fingers in both extension and full flexion in 12 healthy volunteers using magnetic resonance imaging. During flexion, lumbrical muscles could be observed to move into the carpal tunnel up to different levels in all volunteers. For each of the volunteers, the level of the hook of hamate was used as the reference level. The mean CSA measured at this level was considerably larger in flexion than in extension: 191 mm2 (SD, +/- 26) and 169 mm2 (SD, +/- 15), respectively (p = .004). In three volunteers, no difference in CSA between extension and flexion was measured at the hamate level, despite the presence of lumbrical muscles, whereas in these same volunteers at levels more distal, the CSA clearly increased during flexion. The mean CSA for extension and flexion distal and just proximal to the smallest level differed significantly, but the absence of expansion was noticed only at the smallest level. Other changes that were frequently observed during flexion were fat compression, flattening and displacement of the median nerve, and pressure on the superficial and deep flexor tendons.

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Citations

Oct 12, 2012·Journal of Digital Imaging·Hsin-Chen ChenYung-Nien Sun
Apr 6, 1999·The Journal of Hand Surgery : Journal of the British Society for Surgery of the Hand·F Schonauer, H J Belcher
Jun 24, 2003·The British Journal of General Practice : the Journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners·Jeremy D Bland
Jul 1, 2012·Trauma Monthly·Mohammad GhasemiEhsan Shams Koushki
May 14, 2005·Journal of Hand Therapy : Official Journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists·Roslyn B Evans
Jul 13, 2016·Medical Engineering & Physics·Joseph N GabraZong-Ming Li
Nov 20, 1998·The Journal of Hand Surgery : Journal of the British Society for Surgery of the Hand·R LuchettiP Nathan
Dec 15, 2006·Pain Practice : the Official Journal of World Institute of Pain·Phillip S SizerLeslie Dedrick
May 14, 2005·Journal of Hand Therapy : Official Journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists·Peter J Keir, David M Rempel

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