PMID: 9658099Jul 11, 1998Paper

Characterization of a live-attenuated retroviral vaccine demonstrates protection via immune mechanisms

Journal of Virology
Ulf DittmerK J Hasenkrug

Abstract

Live-attenuated retroviruses have been shown to be effective retroviral vaccines, but currently little is known regarding the mechanisms of protection. In the present studies, we used Friend virus as a model to analyze characteristics of a live-attenuated vaccine in protection against virus-induced disease. Highly susceptible mice were immunized with nonpathogenic Friend murine leukemia helper virus (F-MuLV), which replicates poorly in adult mice. Further attenuation of the vaccine virus was achieved by crossing the Fv-1 genetic resistance barrier. The minimum dose of vaccine virus required to protect 100% of the mice against challenge with pathogenic Friend virus complex was determined to be 10(3) focus-forming units of attenuated virus. Live vaccine virus was necessary for induction of immunity, since inactivated F-MuLV did not induce protection. To determine whether immune cells mediated protection, spleen cells from vaccinated donor mice were adoptively transferred into syngeneic recipients. The results indicated that immune mechanisms rather than viral interference mediated protection.

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Citations

Feb 12, 2002·Journal of Virology·Ingunn M StromnesKim J Hasenkrug
Oct 15, 2003·Journal of Virology·Jacqueline RoyAxel Rethwilm
Aug 7, 2004·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Ronald J MesserKim J Hasenkrug
Apr 9, 2008·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Shelly J RobertsonKim J Hasenkrug
Oct 15, 2010·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Kathrin GibbertUlf Dittmer
Sep 11, 2012·Immunologic Research·Kalani HalemanoMario L Santiago
Nov 26, 1999·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·M C GauduinR P Johnson
Jan 9, 2009·European Journal of Immunology·Nicole GerlachUlf Dittmer
Jan 26, 2011·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Kirsten K DietzeUlf Dittmer
Jan 6, 2016·Nature Communications·Julia MerkenschlagerGeorge Kassiotis
Dec 30, 2014·Retrovirology·Kathrin GibbertUlf Dittmer
Jul 9, 2014·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Georgina ThorbornGeorge Kassiotis
Mar 28, 2013·PloS One·Kalani HalemanoMario L Santiago

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