Characterization of a novel diclofenac metabolite in human urine by capillary gas chromatography-negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry

Journal of Chromatography. B, Biomedical Applications
W BlumA Sallmann

Abstract

A sensitive analytical method was developed to characterize diclofenac metabolites in small amounts of body fluids. Desalted and lyophilized urine samples were extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide directly or after acidic hydrolysis. The extracts were derivatized with N-tert.-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide. The derivatives were separated by capillary gas chromatography and identified by negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry. Full mass spectra were obtained at a level of 1.10(-9) g/ml. With direct extraction, the metabolites could be analysed in one step as open-chained acids and as (cyclic) oxindoles. By acidic hydrolysis the conjugates were transformed to the oxindoles. With both methods, a new main metabolite, [2-[2,6-dichloro-4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)amino]phenyl]acetic acid, was identified The mechanism of its formation is discussed.

References

Oct 1, 1979·Xenobiotica; the Fate of Foreign Compounds in Biological Systems·H StierlinT Winkler
Sep 3, 1975·Journal of Chromatography·U P GeigerA Sioufi
Sep 1, 1990·Journal of Medicinal Chemistry·P MoserI Wiesenberg
Oct 1, 1988·Xenobiotica; the Fate of Foreign Compounds in Biological Systems·J W FaigleT Winkler

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Citations

Oct 25, 2003·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·Urs A Boelsterli
Jul 9, 2002·Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy·Y S el-SahartyS Z el-Khateeb
Jul 6, 2014·Environmental Pollution·L K DodgenJ J Gan
May 6, 2014·Environment International·Niina Vieno, Mika Sillanpää
Nov 30, 2010·Toxicology Letters·Jolanda S van LeeuwenNico P E Vermeulen
Nov 30, 2005·Electrophoresis·Wang-Chou Sung, Shu-Hui Chen
Mar 15, 2005·Drug Metabolism and Disposition : the Biological Fate of Chemicals·Zhengyin YanHua Zhong
Mar 1, 2005·European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences : Official Journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences·Angelo ZinelluLuca Deiana

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