Characterization of Emetic and Diarrheal Bacillus cereus Strains From a 2016 Foodborne Outbreak Using Whole-Genome Sequencing: Addressing the Microbiological, Epidemiological, and Bioinformatic Challenges

Frontiers in Microbiology
Laura M CarrollJasna Kovac

Abstract

The Bacillus cereus group comprises multiple species capable of causing emetic or diarrheal foodborne illness. Despite being responsible for tens of thousands of illnesses each year in the U.S. alone, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is not yet routinely employed to characterize B. cereus group isolates from foodborne outbreaks. Here, we describe the first WGS-based characterization of isolates linked to an outbreak caused by members of the B. cereus group. In conjunction with a 2016 outbreak traced to a supplier of refried beans served by a fast food restaurant chain in upstate New York, a total of 33 B. cereus group isolates were obtained from human cases (n = 7) and food samples (n = 26). Emetic (n = 30) and diarrheal (n = 3) isolates were most closely related to B. paranthracis (group III) and B. cereus sensu stricto (group IV), respectively. WGS indicated that the 30 emetic isolates (24 and 6 from food and humans, respectively) were closely related and formed a well-supported clade distinct from publicly available emetic group III genomes with an identical sequence type (ST 26). The 30 emetic group III isolates from this outbreak differed from each other by a mean of 8.3 to 11.9 core single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), wh...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 20, 2019·Journal of Food Protection·Jing ZhangZhijun Bai
Aug 22, 2020·Journal of Food Protection·Won Choi, Sang-Soon Kim
Aug 21, 2020·Environmental Microbiology·Ludivine RoussetCatherine Duport
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Feb 6, 2021·Foods·Dolores RodrigoAntonio Martinez
Nov 13, 2020·Antonie van Leeuwenhoek·Mariano A Torres MannoMartín Espariz
Feb 3, 2021·Toxins·Richard DietrichPer Einar Granum
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May 4, 2021·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Laura M CarrollJasna Kovac
May 28, 2021·Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases·Shelby R SimarCesar A Arias

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
PRJNA437714

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
genotyping
Assay
Illumina sequencing

Software Mentioned

FastANI
ggtree
BLAST
Parsnp
BWA MEM
RAxML
CFSAN
kSNP
Gubbins
DustMasker

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