Abstract
Is the newly discovered menstruating rodent, the spiny mouse, a valid model for studying endometrial morphology and menstruation? Our study is the first to demonstrate a primate-like pattern of natural menstruation in a rodent, with decidualization, spiral arteriole remodeling and piece-meal endometrial shedding. The spiny mouse has a naturally occurring menstrual cycle. This unique feature has the potential to reduce the heavy reliance on primates and provide a more appropriate small animal model for menstrual physiology research. This study compares morphological changes in the endometrium during early, mid and late menstruation of the spiny mouse (n = 39), human (n = 9) and the induced mouse model of menstruation (n = 17). We assessed tissue morphology with hematoxylin and eosin and erythrocyte patterns with Mallory's trichrome. We conducted staining for neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL), cytokeratin and interleukin-11 (IL-11) in all species. We used double immunofluorescence staining for vascular endothelial growth factor and alpha-smooth muscle actin to detect vasculature remodeling and western immunoblot to detect interleukin-8 (IL-8) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in the menstrual fluid ...Continue Reading
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