Characterization of status epilepticus induced by two organophosphates in rats.

Epilepsy Research
Marko S TodorovicJaideep Kapur

Abstract

Organophosphates (OPs) inhibit the enzyme cholinesterase and cause accumulation of acetylcholine, and are known to cause seizures and status epilepticus (SE) in humans. The animal models of SE caused by organophosphate analogs of insecticides are not well characterized. SE caused by OPs paraoxon and diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP) in rats was characterized by electroencephalogram (EEG), behavioral observations and response to treatment with the benzodiazepine diazepam administered at various stages of SE. A method for SE induction using intrahippocampal infusion of paraoxon was also tested. Infusion of 200nmol paraoxon into the hippocampus caused electrographic seizures in 43/52 (82.7%) animals tested; and of these animals, 14/43 (30%) had self-sustaining seizures that lasted 4-18h after the end of paraoxon infusion. SE was also induced by peripheral subcutaneous injection of diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP, 1.25mg/kg) or paraoxon (1.00mg/kg) to rats pretreated with atropine (2mg/kg) and 2-pralidoxime (2-PAM, 50mg/kg) 30min prior to OP injection. SE occurred in 78% paraoxon-treated animals and in 79% of DFP-treated animals. Diazepam (10mg/kg) was administered 10min and 30min after the onset of continuous EEG seizures induced...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 10, 2013·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Doodipala Samba Reddy, Ramkumar Kuruba
Mar 12, 2013·Neurobiology of Disease·Maxim KozhemyakinJaideep Kapur
Aug 13, 2013·Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology·Jennifer L CareyRomolo J Gaspari
Jun 4, 2016·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Hilary S McCarren, John H McDonough
Jun 22, 2016·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Laxmikant S DeshpandeRobert J DeLorenzo
Mar 25, 2018·Annals of Neurology·Suchitra JoshiHoward P Goodkin
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Jan 4, 2018·Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology·Terry ZhangJaideep Kapur
Mar 23, 2018·Reviews in the Neurosciences·Nikita NirwanDivya Vohora
Feb 11, 2020·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Marson PutraThimmasettappa Thippeswamy
Feb 25, 2020·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Meghan GageThimmasettappa Thippeswamy
Jan 8, 2020·The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics·Kyle A BrownJohn J Wagner
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Jul 19, 2018·Neurotoxicology·Mar RequenaRaquel Alarcón
Jun 25, 2021·Epilepsia·Shinnosuke ShionoSuchitra Joshi

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