Chemistry and Chemical Biology of Selenenyl Sulfides and Thioseleninic Acids.

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling
Akil Hamsath, Ming Xian

Abstract

Significance: Selenenyl sulfides (RSeSRs) and thioseleninic acids (RSeSHs) are the monoselenium (Se) analogs of disulfides and persulfides that contain Se-S bonds. These bonds are found in several antioxidant-regenerating enzymes as derivatives of selenocysteine, making them an important player in redox biology as it pertains to sulfur redox regulation. Recent Advances: Mechanistic studies of redox-regulating selenoenzymes such as thioredoxin reductase and glutathione peroxidase suggest crucial Se-S bonds in the active sites. Peptide models and small-molecule mimics of these active sites have been prepared to study their fundamental chemistry. These advances help pave the road to better understand the functions of the Se-S bond in the body. Critical Issues: The Se-S bond is unstable at atmospheric temperatures and pressures. Therefore, studying their properties proposes a major challenge. Currently, there are no trapping reagents specific to RSeSRs or RSeSHs, making their presence, identity, and fates in biological environments difficult to track. Future Directions: Further understanding of the fundamental chemistry/biochemistry of RSeSRs and RSeSHs is needed to understand what their intracellular targets are and to what extent...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 3, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Ariq AbdillahDavid G Churchill

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
chemical treatment
nuclear
nuclear magnetic resonance
X-ray
TripSeSH
RSSH

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