Chemotaxis toward phytoplankton drives organic matter partitioning among marine bacteria

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Steven SmrigaRoman Stocker

Abstract

The microenvironment surrounding individual phytoplankton cells is often rich in dissolved organic matter (DOM), which can attract bacteria by chemotaxis. These "phycospheres" may be prominent sources of resource heterogeneity in the ocean, affecting the growth of bacterial populations and the fate of DOM. However, these effects remain poorly quantified due to a lack of quantitative ecological frameworks. Here, we used video microscopy to dissect with unprecedented resolution the chemotactic accumulation of marine bacteria around individual Chaetoceros affinis diatoms undergoing lysis. The observed spatiotemporal distribution of bacteria was used in a resource utilization model to map the conditions under which competition between different bacterial groups favors chemotaxis. The model predicts that chemotactic, copiotrophic populations outcompete nonmotile, oligotrophic populations during diatom blooms and bloom collapse conditions, resulting in an increase in the ratio of motile to nonmotile cells and in the succession of populations. Partitioning of DOM between the two populations is strongly dependent on the overall concentration of bacteria and the diffusivity of different DOM substances, and within each population, the gr...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 5, 2016·Frontiers in Microbiology·Rachel E DinerAndrew E Allen
Jul 22, 2016·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Kwangmin SonRoman Stocker
Aug 9, 2016·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Andrew M HeinSimon A Levin
Sep 14, 2016·The ISME Journal·Helena M van TolE Virginia Armbrust
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Oct 18, 2020·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Ahmed A ShiblShady A Amin
Oct 25, 2020·The ISME Journal·Sara L JackrelVincent J Denef

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