Childhood Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
Renu SutharPratibha Singhi

Abstract

To study the clinical profile, and outcome of children with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. This is a retrospective case series of children <12 y of age, diagnosed with anti-NMDAR encephalitis at a tertiary care institute during the period, May 2013 through June 2015. Twenty patients were tested for suspected anti-NMDAR encephalitis over this 2 y period. Of these, six children were positive for anti-NMDAR antibodies. Four of these six children had completed treatment and two are currently receiving immunotherapy. Behavioral changes, psychosis, seizures and oro-lingual-facial dyskinesia were the presenting features. Extreme irritability, insomnia and mutism were noted in all the children. The symptoms were persistent, and the course was progressive over 4-8 wk duration. Neuroimaging and electroencephalography were non-specific. Intravenous pulse methylprednisolone and immunoglobulins were used as first-line therapeutic agents. Only one patient responded to first line immunotherapy; five out of six children required second-line immunotherapy. One patient recovered following rituximab, and two patients showed a good response to cyclophosphamide pulse therapy; two patients are currently under treatment with...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 9, 2016·Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences·Adrija Hajra, Dhrubajyoti Bandyopadhyay
Jun 25, 2020·Neurology·Helena AriñoJoan Santamaria
Apr 24, 2020·International Clinical Psychopharmacology·Siu Wa Tang, Wayne Hans Tang
Oct 28, 2017·Indian Journal of Pediatrics·Rajesh KumarSamrendra Narayan
May 15, 2020·Indian Journal of Pediatrics·Vykuntaraju K GowdaNaveen Benakappa
Aug 5, 2017·Case Reports in Pediatrics·Tamar N Goldberg, Michael F Cellucci
Sep 19, 2020·Pediatric Emergency Care·James Sierakowski, Pulin Koul

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