Childhood physical abnormalities following paternal exposure to sulfur mustard gas in Iran: a case-control study.

Conflict and Health
Hassan AbolghasemiEdward J Mills

Abstract

Mustard gas, a known chemical weapon, was used during the Iran-Iraq war of 1980-1988. We aimed to determine if exposure to mustard gas among men was significantly associated with abnormalities and disorders among progenies. Using a case-control design, we identified all progenies of Sardasht men (exposed group, n = 498), who were born at least nine months after the exposure, compared to age-matched controls in Rabat, a nearby city (non-exposed group, n = 689). We conducted a thorough medical history, physical examination, and appropriate paraclinical studies to detect any physical abnormality and/or disorder. Given the presence of correlated data, we applied Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) multivariable models to determine associations. The overall frequency of detected physical abnormalities and disorders was significantly higher in the exposed group (19% vs. 11%, Odds Ratio [OR] 1.93, 95% Confidence Interval [CI], 1.37-2.72, P = 0.0002). This was consistent across sexes. Congenital anomalies (OR 3.54, 95% CI, 1.58-7.93, P = 0.002) and asthma (OR, 3.12, 95% CI, 1.43-6.80, P = 0.004) were most commonly associated with exposure. No single abnormality was associated with paternal exposure to mustard gas. Our study demonstra...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 4, 2014·BMC Medicine·Delan DevakumarJonathan C K Wells
May 21, 2014·Conflict and Health·Ruwan RatnayakePaul Spiegel
Jun 21, 2017·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Stephanie LyJane C Figueiredo
Nov 30, 2018·Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine·Marwan S ShinawiMelvin Blanchard
Dec 30, 2016·Archives of Toxicology·Fazlullah KhanMohammad Abdollahi
Oct 16, 2016·Archives of Toxicology·Bernhard StengerDirk Steinritz
Sep 5, 2014·Chemical Communications : Chem Comm·D Raghavender GoudDeepak Pardasani

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BETA
imaging techniques

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