Chimeric origins of ochrophytes and haptophytes revealed through an ancient plastid proteome

ELife
Richard G DorrellChris Bowler

Abstract

Plastids are supported by a wide range of proteins encoded within the nucleus and imported from the cytoplasm. These plastid-targeted proteins may originate from the endosymbiont, the host, or other sources entirely. Here, we identify and characterise 770 plastid-targeted proteins that are conserved across the ochrophytes, a major group of algae including diatoms, pelagophytes and kelps, that possess plastids derived from red algae. We show that the ancestral ochrophyte plastid proteome was an evolutionary chimera, with 25% of its phylogenetically tractable nucleus-encoded proteins deriving from green algae. We additionally show that functional mixing of host and plastid proteomes, such as through dual-targeting, is an ancestral feature of plastid evolution. Finally, we detect a clear phylogenetic signal from one ochrophyte subgroup, the lineage containing pelagophytes and dictyochophytes, in plastid-targeted proteins from another major algal lineage, the haptophytes. This may represent a possible serial endosymbiosis event deep in eukaryotic evolutionary history.

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
confocal microscopy
electrophoresis
PCR

Software Mentioned

CIPRES
DiatomPortal
Mitoprot
MMETSP
TIGER
ASAFind
BLAST tophit
RAxML
MrBayes
Mitofates

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