Chiral pesticides: identification, description, and environmental implications

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
Elin M UlrichWilliam T Foreman

Abstract

Of the 1,693 pesticides considered in this review, 1,594 are organic chemicals, 47 are inorganic chemicals, 53 are of biological origin (largely non chemical; insect,fungus, bacteria, virus, etc.), and 2 have an undetermined structure. Considering that the EPA's Office of Pesticide Programs found 1,252 pesticide active ingredients(EPA Pesticides Customer Service 2011), we consider this dataset to be comprehensive; however, no direct comparison of the compound lists was undertaken. Of all pesticides reviewed, 482 (28%) are chiral; 30% are chiral when considering only the organic chemical pesticides. A graph of this distribution is shown in Fig. 7a. Each pesticide is classified with up to three pesticidal utilities (e.g., fungicide, plant growth regulator, rodenticide, etc.), taken first from the Pesticide Manual as a primary source, and the Compendium of Common Pesticide Names website as a secondary source. Of the chiral pesticides, 195 (34%) are insecticides (including attractants, pheromones, and repellents), 150 (27%) are herbicides (including plant growth regulators and herbicide safeners), 104 (18%) are fungicides, and 55 (10%)are acaricides. The distribution of chiral pesticides by utility is shown in Fig. 7b,including cat...Continue Reading

Citations

Aug 25, 2015·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Yao LiuHongtao Lei
Dec 14, 2016·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Beatriz GámizRafael Celis
Sep 2, 2018·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Ling YuBixian Mai
Aug 9, 2017·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Elin M UlrichWenjian Lao
Mar 6, 2019·Frontiers in Microbiology·Yitayal Shiferaw Anteneh, Christopher Milton Mathew Franco
Aug 12, 2021·ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces·Nitai ArbellYaron Paz

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