Chitosan Nanoparticles: Shedding Light on Immunotoxicity and Hemocompatibility

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
Sandra JesusOlga Borges

Abstract

Nanoparticles (NPs) assumed an important role in the area of drug delivery. Despite the number of studies including NPs are growing over the last years, their side effects on the immune system are often ignored or omitted. One of the most studied polymers in the nano based drug delivery system field is chitosan (Chit). In the scientific literature, although the physicochemical properties [molecular weight (MW) or deacetylation degree (DDA)] of the chitosan, endotoxin contamination and appropriate testing controls are rarely reported, they can strongly influence immunotoxicity results. The present work aimed to study the immunotoxicity of NPs produced with different DDA and MW Chit polymers and to benchmark it against the polymer itself. Chit NPs were prepared based on the ionic gelation of Chit with sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP). This method allowed the production of two different NPs: Chit 80% NPs (80% DDA) and Chit 93% NPs (93% DDA). In general, we found greater reduction in cell viability induced by Chit NPs than the respective Chit polymers when tested in vitro using human peripheral blood monocytes (PBMCs) or RAW 264.7 cell line. In addition, Chit 80% NPs were more cytotoxic for PBMCs, increased reactive oxygen species (RO...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 15, 2020·International Journal of Nanomedicine·Elsa Patricia RondonJulio Cesar Fernandes
Dec 3, 2020·Marine Drugs·Soojin Shim, Han Sang Yoo
Aug 21, 2020·International Journal of Pharmaceutics·Aikaterini-Theodora ChatzitakiOlga Borges
Nov 26, 2020·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Nayelli Guadalupe Teran-SaavedraLuz Vazquez-Moreno
Apr 21, 2021·Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology·Purnima SharmaBhupendra Chudasama
Jul 11, 2021·The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology·Tahereh Zadeh Mehrizi, Sedigheh Amini Kafiabad
Aug 8, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Paulo R LinoAntónio J Almeida

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
nuclear
size exclusion chromatography
dynamic
electrophoretic light scattering
Scanning Electron
flow cytometry
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
ELISA
Scanning Electron Microscopy

Software Mentioned

SbD
Mnova
Prism
GraphPad

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