Chlorophyllin e6‑mediated photodynamic therapy inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells

Oncology Reports
Zhiyuan ZhuoGang Chen

Abstract

Patients with non‑muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) frequently relapse following surgery due to incomplete resection and chemoresistance, highlighting the importance of developing novel therapeutic strategies that mechanistically assist in eradicating the residual tumor. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anticancer effect of chlorophyllin e6‑mediated photodynamic therapy (e6‑PDT) and its potential mechanisms by using monolayer cells or multicellular tumor spheroid models of human bladder cancer cells (T24 and 5637). The results revealed that e6‑PDT exhibited significant cytotoxicity in the T24 and 5637 cells of these two models as detected by the Water‑Soluble Tetrazolium Salts‑1 and CellTiter‑Glo Luminescent Cell Viability assays, respectively. Cell migration and invasion capacities decreased markedly following e6‑PDT. In addition, the cells following e6‑PDT exhibited typical morphological changes of apoptosis as detected by fluorescence microscopy with 4',6‑diamidino‑2‑phenylindole staining and transmission electron microscopy. A greater number of apoptotic cells were observed post‑e6‑PDT by flow cytometry. The expression levels of poly(adenosine diphosphate‑ribose) polymerase (PARP) and B‑cell lymphoma 2 p...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 19, 2021·Molecular Biology Reports·Fernando MendesMaria Filomena Botelho
Jul 4, 2020·Anti-cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry·Giftson J SenapathyHeidi Abrahamse
Jul 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Nikita SuvorovMikhail Grin
Jun 14, 2021·Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy·Ana Emília Brumatti Galiardi-CampoyMarilia Freitas Calmon

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
Assay
Protein Assay
flow cytometry

Software Mentioned

Gallios Cytometer
CellSens
Gallios Cytometry List Mode
GraphPad Prism
CellSens Life Science Imaging
Excel
SPSS

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