Choice of method for endotoxin detection depends on nanoformulation

Nanomedicine
Marina A DobrovolskaiaScott E McNeil

Abstract

Many nanoparticles interfere with traditional tests to quantify endotoxin. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) formats on clinical-grade nanoformulations, to determine whether there were disparate results among formats and to test the applicability of an alternative bioassay (the macrophage activation test [MAT]) for resolving discrepancies, if observed. Clinical-grade nanoformulations were tested using turbidimetric, gel-clot and chromogenic LAL. Formulations that cause a discrepancy among LAL tests were also tested by the MAT. The gel-clot LAL method cannot be relied upon to resolve discrepancies among LAL tests for certain nanoformulations. No one LAL format was shown to be optimal for all the tested clinical-grade nanoformulations. The tested alternative bioassay (the MAT) was useful for verifying LAL findings, but only for those nanoformulations not carrying/including cytotoxic drugs.

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Citations

Jan 11, 2016·Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology·Efstathios Karathanasis, Ketan B Ghaghada
Sep 9, 2015·Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society·Marina A Dobrovolskaia
Sep 11, 2016·The AAPS Journal·Jennifer H GrossmanJeffrey D Clogston
Jul 12, 2017·Chemical Society Reviews·Deborah PedonePier Paolo Pompa
Aug 31, 2018·Cardiovascular Research·Iwona CichaDidier Letourneur
Jun 21, 2018·Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology·Blanka Halamoda-KenzaouiSusanne Bremer-Hoffmann
Jul 30, 2020·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Barry W NeunMarina A Dobrovolskaia
Oct 9, 2019·Advanced Science·Gary HannonAdriele Prina-Mello
Apr 3, 2020·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Porntida KobpornchaiPoom Adisakwattana
Jan 7, 2021·Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery·Andrea PerrelliSaverio Francesco Retta
Feb 23, 2019·Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine·Anna N IlinskayaMarina A Dobrovolskaia
Jun 15, 2021·Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society·B Halamoda-KenzaouiF Caputo
Jul 14, 2021·Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology·Gary Hannon, Adriele Prina-Mello

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
dynamic light scattering
IECs
ELISA
IEC
electrophoresis

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