PMID: 15240661Jul 9, 2004Paper

Cholera toxin prevents Th1-mediated autoimmune disease by inducing immune deviation

The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists
S B SuR R Caspi

Abstract

Cholera toxin (CT), a major enterotoxin produced by Vibrio cholerae, is known for its properties as a mucosal adjuvant that promotes Th2 or mixed Th1 + Th2 responses. In this study, we explore the ability of CT to act as a systemic adjuvant to counteract the Th1 response leading to experimental autoimmune uveitis. We report that susceptible B10.RIII mice immunized with a uveitogenic regimen of the retinal Ag interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein could be protected from disease by a single systemic injection of as little as 2 micro g of CT at the time of immunization. The protected mice were not immunosuppressed, but rather displayed evidence of immune deviation. Subsequent adaptive responses to interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein showed evidence of Th2 enhancement, as indicated by reduced delayed-type hypersensitivity in the context of enhanced Ag-specific lymphocyte proliferation and IL-4 production. Ag-specific production of several other cytokines, including IFN-gamma, was not appreciably altered. The inhibitory effect of CT was dependent on the enzymatic A subunit of CT, because the cell-binding B subunit alone could not block disease development. Mice given CT displayed detectable IL-4 levels in their serum w...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 2, 2017·BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine·Ling XieZhilan Xia
May 4, 2006·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Marta A ToscanoGabriel A Rabinovich
Mar 1, 2010·Einstein·Alessandra Gonçalves CommodaroLuiz Vicente Rizzo
Oct 27, 2007·DNA and Cell Biology·Mikayel MkrtichyanDavid H Cribbs
Feb 25, 2009·Infection and Immunity·Taufiqur Rahman BhuiyanFirdausi Qadri
Apr 1, 2010·Toxins·Susana CubillosKatja Lehmann
Sep 27, 2005·Physiological Reviews·Nina Wettschureck, Stefan Offermanns
Oct 21, 2010·Autoimmunity Reviews·Alessandra Goncalves CommodaroLuiz Vicente Rizzo

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