Cholinergic modulation of the immune system presents new approaches for treating inflammation

Pharmacology & Therapeutics
Donald B Hoover

Abstract

The nervous system and immune system have broad and overlapping distributions in the body, and interactions of these ubiquitous systems are central to the field of neuroimmunology. Over the past two decades, there has been explosive growth in our understanding of neuroanatomical, cellular, and molecular mechanisms that mediate central modulation of immune functions through the autonomic nervous system. A major catalyst for growth in this field was the discovery that vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) caused a prominent attenuation of the systemic inflammatory response evoked by endotoxin in experimental animals. This effect was mediated by acetylcholine (ACh) stimulation of nicotinic receptors on splenic macrophages. Hence, the circuit was dubbed the "cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway". Subsequent work identified the α7 nicotinic ACh receptor (α7nAChR) as the crucial target for attenuation of pro-inflammatory cytokine release from macrophages and dendritic cells. Further investigation made the important discovery that cholinergic T cells within the spleen and not cholinergic nerve cells were the source of ACh that stimulated α7 receptors on splenic macrophages. Given the important role that inflammation plays in numerous disease...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 21, 2018·Annual Review of Immunology·Valentin A PavlovKevin J Tracey
Apr 26, 2019·The Journal of Comparative Neurology·Charlotte L KaestnerDonald B Hoover
Mar 12, 2020·CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics·Alison E WillingSubhra Mohapatra
Sep 15, 2020·Molecular Imaging and Biology : MIB : the Official Publication of the Academy of Molecular Imaging·M W D ThorneS Darvesh
Feb 12, 2019·Bioelectronics in Medicine·Alexandre KanashiroLuis Ulloa
Sep 11, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Eunsoo Won, Yong-Ku Kim
Dec 23, 2017·Frontiers in Immunology·Donald B HooverDavid L Williams
Apr 27, 2019·Frontiers in Immunology·Kurt R LehnerValentin A Pavlov
Jul 24, 2020·Scientific Reports·Holly C HunsbergerChristine Ann Denny
Apr 2, 2020·Bioelectronic Medicine·Valentin A Pavlov
Feb 1, 2019·Journal of Neuroinflammation·Zhe WangXiao-Jun Tan
Oct 21, 2020·Molecular Neurobiology·Mohammad Azizur RahmanMd Alamin
Nov 10, 2020·American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology·Elinor C Mannon, Paul M O'Connor
Nov 22, 2020·Journal of Neurochemistry·Christine N Metz, Valentin A Pavlov
Aug 25, 2019·Neurochemistry International·Jingxi MaZhiyou Cai
Dec 29, 2020·Experimental Neurology·Yuxuan ZhangYong Jiang
Nov 27, 2020·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Farid YaghoubySrikanth Vasudevan
Dec 29, 2020·ImmunoTargets and Therapy·Alexander P HorkowitzJoy A Phillips
Nov 17, 2020·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience·Rashmi GamageErika Gyengesi
Sep 15, 2020·Brain, Behavior, and Immunity·Amanda CostaHelmut Kettenmann
Mar 7, 2020·International Immunopharmacology·Donald B HooverTammy R Ozment
Mar 24, 2020·International Immunopharmacology·Ignaz Wessler, Charles James Kirkpatrick
Mar 1, 2021·Clinical Autonomic Research : Official Journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society·Kamal Shouman, Eduardo E Benarroch
Dec 31, 2017·Autonomic Neuroscience : Basic & Clinical·T Christopher BrownDonald B Hoover

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