PMID: 8590450Apr 1, 1995Paper

Cholinergic signaling in the rat pineal gland

Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology
J T LaitinenT Kokkola

Abstract

1. Innervation of the mammalian pineal gland is mainly sympathetic. Pineal synthesis of melatonin and its levels in the circulation are thought to be under strict adrenergic control of serotonin N-acetyltransferase (NAT). In addition, several putative pineal neurotransmitters modulate melatonin synthesis and secretion. 2. In this review, we summarize what is currently known on the pineal cholinergic system. Cholinergic signaling in the rat pineal gland is suggested based on the localization of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), as well as muscarinic and nicotinic ACh binding sites in the gland. 3. A functional role of ACh may be regulation of pineal synaptic ribbon numbers and modulation of melatonin secretion, events possibly mediated by phosphoinositide (PI) hydrolysis and activation of protein kinase C via muscarinic ACh receptors (mAChRs). 4. We also present previously unpublished data obtained using primary cultures of rat pinealocytes in an attempt to get more direct information on the effects of cholinergic stimulus on pinealocyte melatonin secretion. These studies revealed that the cholinergic effects on melatonin release are restricted mainly to intact pineal glands since they were not re...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 18, 1996·European Journal of Pharmacology·W J DrijfhoutB H Westerink
Mar 21, 1997·Neuroscience Letters·I WesslerL Vollrath
Dec 24, 2008·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Michael J BaileyDavid C Klein
Feb 21, 2014·American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology·Jin-Young YoonDuk-Su Koh
Apr 17, 2007·Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part A, Ecological Genetics and Physiology·Indraneel SahaB R Maiti

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