Chondrocytes Contribute to Alphaviral Disease Pathogenesis as a Source of Virus Replication and Soluble Factor Production

Viruses
Elisa X Y LimLara J Herrero

Abstract

Arthritogenic alphavirus infections often result in debilitating musculoskeletal disorders that affect the joints, muscle, and bone. In order to evaluate the infection profile of primary human skeletal muscle and chondrocyte cells to Ross River virus (RRV) in vitro, cells were infected at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1 over a period of two days. Viral titers were determined by plaque assay and cytokine expression by Bio-Plex® assays using the supernatants harvested. Gene expression studies were conducted using total RNA isolated from cells. Firstly, we show that RRV RNA is detected in chondrocytes from infected mice in vivo. Both human primary skeletal muscle and chondrocyte cells are able to support productive RRV infection in vitro. We also report the production of soluble host factors including the upregulation of heparanase (HPSE) and inflammatory host factors such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), which are also present during clinical disease in humans. Our study is the first to demonstrate that human chondrocyte cells are permissive to RRV in...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 17, 2019·Microorganisms·Laura I Levi, Marco Vignuzzi
Sep 5, 2019·Nature Reviews. Rheumatology·Andreas Suhrbier
Feb 14, 2018·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Aroon SupramaniamLara J Herrero

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
JF327392.1

Methods Mentioned

BETA
in vitro transcription
PCR
Assay

Software Mentioned

Plex ® Manager
ImageJ
Bio

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