Choose Your Weaponry: Selective Storage of a Single Toxic Compound, Latrunculin A, by Closely Related Nudibranch Molluscs

PloS One
Karen L CheneyMary J Garson

Abstract

Natural products play an invaluable role as a starting point in the drug discovery process, and plants and animals use many interesting biologically active natural products as a chemical defense mechanism against predators. Among marine organisms, many nudibranch gastropods are known to derive defensive metabolites from the sponges they eat. Here we investigated the putative sequestration of the toxic compound latrunculin A--a 16-membered macrolide that prevents actin polymerization within cellular processes--which has been identified from sponge sources, by five closely related nudibranch molluscs of the genus Chromodoris. Only latrunculin A was present in the rim of the mantle of these species, where storage reservoirs containing secondary metabolites are located, whilst a variety of secondary metabolites were found in their viscera. The species studied thus selectively accumulate latrunculin A in the part of the mantle that is more exposed to potential predators. This study also demonstrates that latrunculin-containing sponges are not their sole food source. Latrunculin A was found to be several times more potent than other compounds present in these species of nudibranchs when tested by in vitro and in vivo toxicity assays....Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 16, 2017·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Giuseppe GiordanoErnesto Mollo
Nov 15, 2017·Natural Product Reports·Lewis J Dean, Michèle R Prinsep
Aug 25, 2017·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Anne E WintersKaren L Cheney
Sep 16, 2020·Nature Communications·Louis K HoJustin R Nodwell
Feb 22, 2017·Natural Product Reports·Michiya Kamio, Charles D Derby
Mar 20, 2018·Journal of Chemical Ecology·Anne E WintersKaren L Cheney
Jan 18, 2018·Natural Product Reports·John W BluntMichèle R Prinsep
Jun 8, 2018·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Anne E WintersKaren L Cheney
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Dec 30, 2020·Marine Drugs·Conxita Avila, Carlos Angulo-Preckler
Sep 17, 2021·Scientific Reports·Tatiana A KorshunovaAlexander V Martynov

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
G335175

Methods Mentioned

BETA
NMR
column chromatography

Software Mentioned

Prism
GraphPad

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