Chromium oxidation state imaging in mammalian cells exposed in vitro to soluble or particulate chromate compounds

Chemical Research in Toxicology
Richard OrtegaJean Susini

Abstract

Hexavalent chromium compounds are known carcinogens for the respiratory tract in humans. The mechanism of cell transformation by hexavalent chromium compounds is not fully understood although a role for intracellular reduction is sought. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of Cr valence states in human cells after in vitro exposure to soluble or particulate chromium compounds. A synchrotron X-ray-based microprobe was used to investigate the cellular reduction of Cr(VI) and to image chromium oxidation states in cells. It was shown that soluble Cr(VI) compounds are fully reduced to Cr(III) in cells. Cr(III) is homogeneously distributed within the cell volume and therefore present within the nucleus. In the case of low solubility particulate chromate compounds, Cr(VI) can coexist in the cell environment, as particles in the perinuclear region, together with intracellular and intranuclear Cr(III). Chemical distribution maps also suggest that intracellular Cr(III) originates from extracellular dissolution and reduction of lead chromate rather than from intracellular engulfed particles. The possible stronger carcinogenicity of low solubility chromate vs soluble chromate compounds may derive from the combinative ge...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 24, 2009·Chemical Reviews·Reagan McRaeChristoph J Fahrni
Sep 24, 2008·Chemical Research in Toxicology·David GuttmannAnatoly Zhitkovich
Jul 17, 2009·Journal of the Royal Society, Interface·Richard OrtegaAsunción Carmona
Feb 9, 2010·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·Davide A L VignatiBenoît J D Ferrari
Apr 24, 2010·Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology : Organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS)·Joanna Chwiej
Nov 6, 2013·FEMS Microbiology Reviews·Carlo VitiLuciana Giovannetti
Dec 21, 2011·Journal of Structural Biology·S BohicJ Susini
Jan 29, 2020·Folia Microbiologica·Mahmoud S M MohamedAbdelhadi A Abdelhadi
Nov 1, 2007·Chemical Research in Toxicology·Konstantin Salnikow, Anatoly Zhitkovich
Jul 20, 2011·Chemical Research in Toxicology·Anatoly Zhitkovich
Mar 1, 2013·Analytical Chemistry·Lars LühlBirgit Kanngießer

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