Chromosomal transformation in Bacillus subtilis is a non-polar recombination reaction

Nucleic Acids Research
Begoña CarrascoJuan C Alonso

Abstract

Natural chromosomal transformation is one of the primary driving forces of bacterial evolution. This reaction involves the recombination of the internalized linear single-stranded (ss) DNA with the homologous resident duplex via RecA-mediated integration in concert with SsbA and DprA or RecO. We show that sequence divergence prevents Bacillus subtilis chromosomal transformation in a log-linear fashion, but it exerts a minor effect when the divergence is localized at a discrete end. In the nucleotide bound form, RecA shows no apparent preference to initiate recombination at the 3'- or 5'-complementary end of the linear duplex with circular ssDNA, but nucleotide hydrolysis is required when heterology is present at both ends. RecA·dATP initiates pairing of the linear 5' and 3' complementary ends, but only initiation at the 5'-end remains stably paired in the absence of SsbA. Our results suggest that during gene transfer RecA·ATP, in concert with SsbA and DprA or RecO, shows a moderate preference for the 3'-end of the duplex. We show that RecA-mediated recombination initiated at the 3'- or 5'-complementary end might have significant implication on the ecological diversification of bacterial species with natural transformation.

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Citations

Sep 8, 2016·Expert Review of Proteomics·Elena L RudashevskayaStavroula Markoutsa
Aug 12, 2017·Frontiers in Microbiology·Alejandra L Ibáñez de AldecoaJosé E González-Pastor
Mar 1, 2019·Frontiers in Microbiology·Begoña CarrascoJuan C Alonso
Jul 28, 2018·Frontiers in Microbiology·Ester SerranoJuan C Alonso
Mar 3, 2021·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Jeffrey J PowerBerenike Maier

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